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    Algeria: Political Timeline, 1954-2020

    Algeria: Political Timeline, 1954-2020



    1954 - Creation of the FLN (National Liberation Front); the MTLD dissolves, superseded by the MNA.  National liberation revolution begins.


    1955 - Major war escalation; huge increase in French army presence in Algeria.

    1956 - Leftist "peace coalition" wins French elections; "special powers" voted by French National Assembly for major increase in repression; FLN Soum­mam Congress, creation of CNRA; French hijack plane with FLN leaders; exchanges of bombings in Algiers.

    1957 - French paratroopers launch repression in Algiers; murder of Abane Ramdane.

    1958 - Algiers-originated military coup ends French Fourth Republic, replaced by de Gaulle and fifth Republic; creation of GPRA (Provisional Algerian Govern­ment) led by Ferhat Abbas.

    1959 - De Gaulle announces principle of Algerian self-determination.

    1960 - First publicised peace talks; failure of new coup attempt in Algiers; Mani­festo of the 121 in France; UN recognition of Algerian right to independence.

    1961 - Creation of OAS; failed "generals coup" in Algiers.

    1962 - Evian peace accord; national independence; competition for power won with force by Ben Bella-Boumediene coalition; flight of Europeans and emer­gence of biens vacants, first wave of workers' self-management.

    1963 - Government expansion and "regularisation" of autogestion sector; FFS created; Kabyle uprising.

    1964 - First FLN congress and adoption of "Algiers Charter".

    1965 - Boumediene-led coup deposes Ben Bella, new regime formed; new opposition group (ORP) quickly repressed.

    1968 - First waves of industrial sector nationalisations.

    1971 - Nationalisation of petrochemicals sector, new major source of state revenue; agrarian reform launched.

    1976 - National Charter (new constitution) proclaimed, calls for generalised use of Arabic language.

    1978 - Death of Boumediene.

    1979 - Chadli becomes president.

    1980 - "Berber Spring" demonstrations and rebellion.

    1981 - First underground radical Islamist guerrilla group (the MIA).

    1982 - Arabisation of basic schooling and some university sectors completed.

    1985 - Rapid drop of world oil prices; creation of Algerian human rights league, LADDH; Chadli embraces economic reforms : liberalisation/privatisation.

    1987 - Beginning of IMF-imposed economic restructuring.

    1988 - Huge riots and demonstrations in Algiers and massive repression "5th October". 

    1989 - New constitution creates multi-party system and freer press; Islamist FIS launched.

    1990 - Huge separate demonstrations by FIS and FFS in Algiers; FIS sweeps municipal elections.

    1991 - New rapid drop in oil export prices; further IMF-and World Bank-imposed economic restructuring; clashes between police and FIS forces; FIS decisively wins first round of National Assembly elections.

    1992 - Military coup prevents second election round, Chadli forced out, state of emergency proclaimed; State High Committee formed, headed by Boudiaf; first major armed clashes between Islamists and state forces, formation of radical Islamist GIA; Boudiaf assassinated.

    1993 - Escalation of violent clashes; many assassinations of intellectuals, journalists, professionals.

    1994 - Zeroual appointed president; first FIS negotiations with regime and other political parties; supposed-GIA attacks in France; restructuring of Algerian external debt with strict IMF requirements.

    1995 - Pact of Rome Platform; Zeroual elected president.

    1997 - FIS/AIS ceasefire.

    1998 - Zeroual retires.

    1999 - Bouteflika "elected" president; FIS/AIS accepts disarmament; Civil Con­cord passed in referendum.

    2000 - Amnesty for thousands of AIS militants; GIA and GSPC continue guerrilla war.

    2001 - Strife in Kabylia, emergence of Arouch movement; huge march to Algiers.

    2004 - Bouteflika elected for a second term.

    2005 - Charter for Peace and National Reconciliation approved by referendum, allows further amnesties and muzzles critiques.

    2006 - GSPC allegedly becomes AQMI, local affiliate of AI-Qaida.

    2007 - Trial of Khalifa financial and business empire symbolises massive corrup­tion of regime.

    2009 - Bouteflika elected to third term.

    2011 - New wave of riots and demonstrations throughout Algeria; continuous demands by political reformers for regime change.

    2011 - Feb 3, Algeria's President Abdelaziz Bouteflika said the state of emergency, in force for the past 19 years, will be lifted in the very near future.

    2012 - May 10, Algeria held parliamentary elections. 44 political parties competed for 462 seats. The ruling party dominated elections, taking nearly half of the seats in the 462 person assembly, dramatically increasing its share.  President Bouteflika's National Liberation Front tightened its grip on power by securing 220 seats.

    2014 - Apr 17, Algeria held presidential elections. Preliminary results indicated that President Bouteflika with 15 years in power won a 4th term.

    2017 - May 4, Algerians voted in parliamentary elections. President Abdelaziz Bouteflika's party and its coalition ally won a majority in parliamentary elections in a vote marred by low turnout.

    2017 - May 24, Algerian President Abdelaziz Bouteflika appointed Abdelmadjid Tebboune as prime minister, replacing Abdelmalek Sellal in the wake of parliamentary elections. Tebboune (71) was the housing minister of the outgoing government.

    2017 - Aug 16, In Algeria Ahmed Ouyahia began a fourth term as Prime Minister and held that position until March 12, 2019.

    2019 - Feb 22, In Algeria several hundred demonstrators rallied in Algiers in defiance of a ban on demonstrations, and in other cities as well, against a bid by ailing President Abdelaziz Bouteflika to win a fifth term. 

    2019 - Apr 1, Algeria's Pres. Abdelaziz Bouteflika said he will step down before his fourth term ends on April 28.

    2019 - Apr 3, Algeria's Constitutional Council said it had accepted Bouteflika's resignation and informed parliament that his position was officially vacant. The speaker of the upper house of parliament,  Abdelkader Bensalah (77), acts as interim leader for up to 90 days during which a presidential election must be organised.

    2019        Dec 28, Algeria's newly elected Pres. Abdelmadjid Tebboune reached beyond the political class to name educator and diplomat Abdelaziz Djerad as prime minister.

    2020        Feb 26, Algeria reported its first cases of the coronavirus.


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    Item Reviewed: Algeria: Political Timeline, 1954-2020 Rating: 5 Reviewed By: Algeria Gate
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